@jayles: "...words are generally descriptive of observed behavior, rather than an emotional reaction...is it not the same in your business life?"

Well, couldn't you say any of the above, if you framed it up by saying, "Your behavior is..." or "I find you behavior..."?

"I find your behavior churlish." "Your behavior is pigheaded."

Yes, sometimes in the business world PC words have to be used. I try to get away with speaking English whenever I can, though. Sometimes it leads to edgy stuff, but at least its honest and straight-forward. I have found most folks have a high regard for that.

Correction about BIOLOGY:

Burdach coined the term "morphology" in 1800. The first to use the word biology, however, was by another German scientist, Michael Christoph Hanov (1695-1773), in his work Philosophiae naturalis sive physicae dogmaticae: Geologia, biologia, phytologia generalis et dendrologia (1766). Hanov did this because he believed that "souled beings" had to be split from "un-souled beings". Therefore, a new word was needed.

Interestingly, 'biologi(a)' was used in 17th century Germany and earlier to mean 'biography'.

biology >> līffrōd

Now this might work to get the academics and scientists to take an earnest look at switching over!

For Fun:

SCIENCE >> O.E. woruldwīsdōm >> worldwisdom, worldknowledge

NATURE (order of things) >> gecynd(e) >> Mid. Eng. kind(e) >> Mod, Eng. kind ("The Book of Genesis" was called "Gecyndboc" by Ælfric). Shift back to the original meaning would have to happen for this to work.

ECONOMY (Gk. oikonomíā ----> oîko(s) 'house' + nomia 'law'---> "household management") >> maybe 'worthship' (O.E. weorþsciepe, cf. German Wirtschaft, which is just a calque of Gk.οἰκονόμος) or 'marketworthship' pr 'worthshipthrift' or 'landworththrift' (country economy). Most every Germanic tongue today uses the Greek.

INDUSTRY >> Mod. Eng. Business (O.E. bisiġnes(s), "movie business"), Trade (O.E. tredan, "plumbing trade"), Craft (O.E. cræft, cf. German 'Kraft')

BIOLOGY (bíos 'life' + lógos, logia 'study of') >> funny thing about this word is that it was made up around 1800 by German scientist Karl Friedrich Burdach. English should look to Icelandic for a new word, since all of the other Germanic tongues use the Greek, likely since a German-speaker coined the word. See what I mean about scientists and their love of Latin/Greek words?

Icelandic Líffræði (life science) is a great model for English: Líf (O.E. līf "life, body") + fræði (O.E. frōd "wise, wisdom, understanding") >> so, maybe 'lifelearning', 'lifeunderstanding', 'lifewisdom', lifeknowledge' or something like it.

@ferthfrith: "afterfollows (consequences. sorry, outcome doesnt work here)"

Your sad "findings" (O.E. fandung, tǣcning, bīsnung "proof") are left badly wanting and without any weigtht or bearing.

Hmmm. Well, 'consequence' means "the effect, result, or outcome of something occurring earlier". Odd. 'Outcome' is in the meaning of the word itself. It WILL work here... it's okay.

1) The word is the present participle of L. consequī, meaning "to follow closely". So, one could also say in the stead of the Latin: "it follows that" (Yikes! A phrase!), "aftermath", "end", "fallout", "outgrowth", "aftershock", to name a few. Such already is the "richness" of English.

2) "Tree" (O.E. trēo(w), PGmc *trewan) is a Germanic English word that has been in the tongue since before 900 AD. There are many lone words, but the way of a Germanic tongue is to make compounds and phrases to talk about new things. Phrases are made of words, and are great to use in English.You have missed your mark here. Moot.

3) "you have little regard for the important role that foreign words play in filling in gaps of meaning": Either you haven't read my other posts, or you don't understand them. It is some-what true that I do not regard foreign words that fill in "gaps", since many times an English words exists that could be used instead, but that's all. In science, academia, fashion, technology, asf, it is more than a few gaps. Whole new English words would have to be made.

Now, I don't take kindly to folks putting words in my mouth or thoughts in my head. I do not think or believe any of what you put forth in your rant. I am not against "Anglish", or against making new English words or "coinages", and I am not for, nor do I uphold, English "purity" (that is folly).

As for "subtlety", do you really think that a glut of words is subtle? Shades of meaning are not merely marked with lots of lone words, but how the words are crafted and come together to shape meaning in an other than straight-forward way. Lots of words are not needed for a tongue to be rich. That is not true. Is the poem Beowulf a lesser poem because it was written at a time when English had less that 500,000 words? What about Cædmon's Hymn written in the late six-hundreds?

New words are outgrowths of a living tongue. How do you think "ginormous", "smackdown", "microgreen", and "Bollywood" made it into the Merriam-Webster wordbook in 2007? Pop Culture. That usually where new words come from. The folks make up the words as needed. See if you can make "loosenout" trendy, where folks will say it to mean "solution".

Now, "Cropcraft", maybe, since "craft" is still in common today, but that could easily mean "farming", too. And, we have "crop-sharing". "Deedway" (which is a family surname, in case you didn't know) for method will likely never fly, since you have to convince all of the academics and scientists. Those groups love Latin/Greek words. They were trained to believe they are higher register (smarter) words. Further, I think that we should look to other latter-day Germanic tongues to put in stead of Latin/French/Greek ones. I don't see why we shouldn't borrow from sister tongues. See, no feelings, all well thought out.

"as you take two or more words, and bring them down to one, making two or more meanings once expressed by two or more words, now expressed by one" Yes, it is a hallmark of English and Germanic tongues in general. Look up "kennings". The kenning is a great weapon in the English arsenal.

I think bringing back the words "lost" in Old English and highlighting the English words in latter-day English are needed to strengthen the heart of the tongue. After that, then I think new words can be made better, more easily, and taken in quicker by the folks---they have to be "de-Frenchified".

"Agriculture", by the way, was written Eorþtilung (Earth tilling).

Thanks again for your thoughts. Cheers!

@jayles:

"byspell" is OE bīspel(l), biġspel(l), in use before 990 AD, which meant "example, proverb". It's a cognate with latter-day German Beispiel "example, tale". Zum Beispiel, an abschreckendes/warnendes Beispiel in German means a "cautionary tale".

By-spell (as it is written today) is listed in Webster's Dictionary with only the meaning of "proverb", and is marked as "obsolete".

@ferthfrith:

Thanks for your thoughts. I am underwhelmed by your "evidence". Your critique is full of ad hominems, is wholly groundless, rooted in folly, and fails to acknowledge that ALL of the words (except 4) are true English words. Your writing had the following: issue (3x), using (3x), centrist, partaking (2), citizen, normal, core, political (3x), realities, part, bias, party (2x), stress (2x), electoral, ensure, Republic, and Please. And, you did not "over-set" guidelines, which is a Latin-English compound. I mean, you come on! You were making up words and you failed to make any to put in their stead? You have only helped to show that my "over-setting" is true and right. Allow me to shed some light on what I mean.

* "wisdom for philosophy": It works, if one understands the words meaning. Philosophy written in Old English (or Anglo-Saxon if you like) was wīsdōm. To study philosophy was written as uþwitegung (which is a lost word). The Greek word simply means "love of wisdom, knowledge". In this case, philosophy meant "any system of belief, values, or tenets; a personal outlook or viewpoint", so "Whig Wisdom" means just that. Also, wisdom is a synonym for philosophy. Look it up.

* "key for solution","outcome for solution": Well, "...sounds ridiculous..." to one who doesn't understand English well. Not all solutions solve things, and not all solutions work. Your point is moot. 'Key' can mean many things in English like "something that is crucial in providing an explanation or interpretation; a means of achieving a desired end; the correct initial move in the solution of a set problem". Indeed, in Old English cǣg, cǣge (key) meant "solution" or "that which serves to open or explain". The proto-Germanic root *ki- means "to cleaver, split", "put forth". Hmmm... I guess it's bad English. 'Solution' can mean "in that state of being solved", as inferred in "solutions-oriented". Outcome, "a conclusion reached, end result". If something has been "solved", an "end result, conclusion" was reached. All you did was calque it---> "loosenouts". Tell you teacher you're gonna "loosenout" the problem. How about "loosenup"? Digout? Shakeloose? Talk about ridiculous. BTW, I'm fine with Old English being a wellspring for new English words. It's better than making up a bunch of gibberish, unless gibberish is the goal---which mine is not.

* "You did not give a word for service": I guess I could have written 'thrall' (O.E. þrǣl

@jayles: "Latinate words are often neutral, and formal..."

We do not see eye to eye on Latin words being "neutral" in any setting. I think it might seem that way, since they are un-English words. True English words meanings seem to tug at the heart strings a lot more, such as "pigheaded". You take it as straight up rude. Obstinate doesn't sound rude? Recalcitrant sounds like a pharmaceutical. What about contumacious? Insubordinate? Don't they all sound a little too stuffy?

I don't think these words work on English speakers (unless they are brainwashed academics), since they don't hit home in the English heart. It is easy for English speakers to be free from the full bearing of their meaning.

How about stubborn for pigheaded? I always like to say churlish, boorish, uncouth, or loutish instead of rude, but we all have our own way I guess.

Now, we are of the same mind when it comes to Latin being "formal". Yes, Latin (and even Greek and French) have been wrongly regarded as the tongues of the learned. It had a lot to do with 1066, but that doesn't make it right or worth keeping as the norm.

My 2 Marks.

@ferthfrith: "there's one problem with your oversetting- you have othered the meaning of the original."

I think that not to be true. Let's see what other will have to say. I ask that you show me how the overall meaning is not the same as the original. In good Anglo-Norman, I say: Prove it.

If one takes a look at the meanings of all of the word that I wrote in stead of the Latin ones, and likens the Latin/English writing, then the "Anglish" writing, it is clear that my writing is much more understandable and does not lose any meaning at all.

"What you seem to be upholding is a lessening of the english wordstock, without coming up with any new words for the loan words that are taken out." You are also wrong here. Your words show you do not know or understand where I am coming from.

Go back and read all of my writings. I am for the upholding and keeping of true Ænglisc, not some tongue akin to JRR Tolkien's Elvish. I am much more earnest about bringing old English words back in to the wordstock and back to life, than Anglish seems to be. I am against wanton borrowing. I am also against making Global English by the same token. I am for making more words only after all of the dead or near-dead words have be brought back. And, I am for future words for things being made from English.

It is true, as I have written over and over, that academics, academia, in other words, the elites have been at the heart of the slow fall of true English. Indeed, English was shifted on a path of French/Latin/Greek borrowing. Yes, most of these words need to go.

One will, however, never switch the folks back by trying to thrust weird gobbledegook and "new words" that are not acknowledged and have never been witnessed in any past English writings. Take "now-time English". It's understood, but it is too clumsy and comes across as lowbrow and made up. It doesn't ring true. It does not fit the way of English word-making.

Here is how it is better written with English: latter-day English, today's English, the latest English, leading English, new English, newfangled English, asf. I have to say also that I don't see anything wrong with using all Germanic rooted words that are in English, even if they came down another road into English (like from Frankish, Normaund, Latin, Gothic, Old Norse, or Old High German). Words like vogue, guide, guard, lobby, furnish, asf are all good Germanic words that have Germanic pronunciation, too. Butter, cheese, wine, street, church, and many others, are also good English. They have been fully Anglicized (and Germanicized) and are in use in Germanic tongues everywhere. How would one "Anglify" butter? Cowmilkfat? Milkfat? What about cheese? Sourmilkcurd? Anyway....

The goal should be to shut down the "loanword borrowing machine" and strength the "Germanic compound machine", much in the way that Iceland still does. Icelandic is probably the best standard for English to follow.

It is not about being against the making of new English words instead of borrowing. I am all for that. English, though, already has a lot of words that are not in use. Those have to be look at, too. It is folly to make a bunch of new words and throw them on to of the old without having an idea of what to keep and what to throw out. I am against wanton word making and the wantonly taking words out only because they look foreign.

If "Anglish" ever were able to have its short-sighted sway over the English tongue, I fear that it bring about its death rather than uphold its richness and being as a living tongue.

@jayles: "it is as understandable as the original (which is pretty much hot-air anyway)."

Yeah, the original was not very well written. I can't believe it was from any political writings. I only wanted to show that English is every bit as usable as Latin/French for law/politics/government things.